This collection highlights a sampling of articles focused on intensive intervention and data-based individualization (DBI). Although there is a wealth of research on key components of the DBI process (e.g., progress monitoring, validated intervention programs), this list is not intended to include articles that focus on specific steps in the DBI process, nor is it an exhaustive review of all available literature. In the list below, we highlight seminal research on DBI and articles published since 2011, when NCII was first funded.
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The Academic Intervention Tools Chart is comprised of studies conducted on programs beyond the core curriculum that target small groups or individuals with the goal of improving academic outcomes for students whose performance is non-responsive to the core procedures. The chart displays the study’s results and ratings of the study’s quality, provides information on the program administration and whether additional research has been conducted on the program. The chart is intended to assist educators and families in becoming informed consumers who can select academic intervention programs that address their specific needs. The presence of a particular program on the chart does not constitute endorsement and should not be viewed as a recommendation from either the TRC on Academic Intervention or NCII.
This training module, Using the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity to Select, Design, and Intensify Intervention, introduces the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity and describes how it supports the DBI process by helping provide explicit guidance on how to select and evaluate validated intervention programs to best meet students’ needs and intensify or adapt those interventions when students or groups of students do not adequately respond. At the end of the training participants will be able to:
This training module, Using the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity Within the Data-Based Individualization Process: A Mathematics Example, introduces the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity and describes how it supports the DBI process by helping provide explicit guidance on how to select and evaluate validated mathematics intervention programs to best meet students’ needs and intensify or adapt those interventions when students or groups of students do not adequately respond. This module is a companion to Using the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity to Select, Design, and Intensify Intervention with a specific focus on mathematics. At the end of the training participants will be able to:
The DBI process builds on a validated intervention program. This may also be called an evidence-based standard-protocol intervention or a Tier 2 intervention.
This training module, Using the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity Within the Data-Based Individualization Process: A Reading Example, introduces the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity and describes how it supports the DBI process by helping provide explicit guidance on how to select and evaluate validated reading intervention programs to best meet students’ needs and intensify or adapt those interventions when students or groups of students do not adequately respond. This module is a companion to Using the Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity to Select, Design, and Intensify Intervention with a specific focus on reading. At the end of the training participants will be able to:
The Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity (Fuchs, Fuchs, & Malone, 2017) can be used to select or evaluate an intervention platform used as the validated intervention platform or the foundation of the DBI process. It can also be used to guide the adaptation of intensification of an intervention during the intervention adaptation step of the DBI process. The Taxonomy includes the following dimensions:
These professional learning training materials are intended to assist district or school teams involved in initial planning or implementation of data-based individualization (DBI) as a framework for providing intensive intervention in academics and behavior. The modules listed below provide an overview of the DBI process and more in-depth exploration of the various components of DBI.
DBI is a research-based process for individualizing and intensifying interventions through the systematic use of assessment data, validated interventions, and research-based adaptation strategies. DBI is the technical term for what many good teachers do naturally through the problem solving process: frequently review student data and make changes to their teaching based on what works for students. DBI, however, makes this process systematic, explicit, and tailored to meet the needs of individual students through a multi-step process that gradually intensifies instruction and support.
It is important that the instructional practices and interventions delivered within a school’s multi-tiered system of support (MTSS) be grounded in evidence. However, the “practice” that happens within each tier is different; therefore, the type of evidence that is required for each tier also must be different. A useful way to think about evidence-based practices in MTSS is to think about levels of evidence that vary and correspond to the different levels of intervention intensity at each tier. In the tables below, find resources to support the selection and evaluation of Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 or intensive interventions.