Data-based individualization (DBI) is a research-based process for individualizing and intensifying interventions through the systematic use of assessment data, validated interventions, and research-based adaptation strategies. This document introduces and describes the DBI process and how it can be used to support students who require intensive intervention in academics and/or behavior.
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This activity was developed by Etmi Lopes Martins, school psychologist at Robert F. Kennedy Elementary School in Providence, Rhode Island. This lesson includes a tip sheet and a video tutorial that demonstrates how to create and implement the 5-point scale in a virtual setting. A 5-point scale is a simple social and emotional learning tool that can help students with self-management. To learn more about self-management and the 5-point scale, visit NCII’s behavioral strategy guide.
Are you confused about how to support the social-behavioral needs of your learners as you return to school this fall? How can you ensure that all students, including those with intensive needs, have access to instruction regardless of virtual, in-person, or hybrid learning? In this webinar, Dr. Teri Marx and Stacy Hirt from the National Center on Intensive Intervention and Dr. Leanne Hawken, Professor Emeritus in the Department of Special Education at the University of Utah, highlight strategies schools should consider in relationship to their implementation of social-behavioral supports across the continuum of tiers in a multi-tiered system of support framework as they return to school during COVID-19 restrictions.
The Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity (Fuchs, Fuchs, & Malone, 2017) can be used to select or evaluate an intervention platform used as the validated intervention platform or the foundation of the DBI process. It can also be used to guide the adaptation of intensification of an intervention during the intervention adaptation step of the DBI process. The Taxonomy includes the following dimensions:
NCII developed this resource to help educators better understand the purpose of and considerations surrounding behavior screening in schools. Educators can use the information on this resource in conjunction with the Behavior Screening Tools Chart to (a) design a screening process for their school and (b) select or evaluate screening tools.
All behavior serves a purpose or function—typically to access or avoid something. Thus, it is important to figure out the function of a student’s behavior to develop a plan with likelihood for success. To help determine function, school teams should start by collecting data on the A, B, Cs of behavior: Antecedent (A): anything that happens immediately before the behavior occurs Behavior (B): the action a student demonstrates that can be clearly defined and measured Consequence (C): any event (positive or negative) that occurs after a student demonstrates a behavior Once the function is determined, strategies or interventions can be put into place.
In this video, Sandra Chafouleas, Professor of Educational Psychology in the Neag School of Education at the University of Connecticut, discusses the importance of progress monitoring in behavior and how it differs from screening and diagnostic assessment.
During distance learning, weekly check-ins can help teachers develop relationships with their students and stay connected. For students, check-ins can increase their emotional awareness, as well as their abilities to represent and express thoughts and feelings. Check-ins can also give students opportunities to advocate for themselves because they are asked what they need to be successful. For teachers, weekly check-ins provide insight on how students are feeling and what support they may need for academic and social-emotional skills. This resource was developed by Kerry Hayes Trotta, Etmi Lopes Martins, Kendra Haggerty, Maryann Reilly, Michelle Silvia, and Amy Burns, educators, and administrators at Robert F. Kennedy Elementary School in Providence, Rhode Island. It includes a tip sheet and an example weekly check-in form.
In this video, Dr. Chris Riley-Tillman, a Professor at the University of Missouri and NCII Senior Advisor, discusses the important considerations when selecting behavioral progress monitoring tools.
In this video, Dr. Joe Wehby, Senior Advisor to the National Center for Intensive Intervention and Associate Professor in the Vanderbilt University Department of Special Education, addresses this question around research on intensive behavioral interventions.